C is a programming language developed AT & T’s Bell laboratories of USA in the year 1972. It was designed and first implemented by Dennis Ritchie on a DEC PDP – 11 machine in UNIX operating system. C is popular because it is reliable, simple, and easy to use. C is the result of a development process that started with an older language called BCPL (Basic Combined Programming Language ) which is still in use primarily in Europe. BCPL was developed by Martin Richards and it influenced a language called B which was invented by Ken Thomson. Then B led to the development of c.

C is often called a middle – level language. This does not mean that C is less powerful, harder to use, or less developed then a high level language such as basic, Pascal, nor does it imply that C is similar to assembly language. As a middle – level language C allows the manipulation of bits, bytes and addresses – the basic elements with which the computer functions. Despite this, C code is also portable. Portability means that is easy to adapt software written for one type of computer or operating system to another type.

C is a structured language. But technically it is not a block structured language. Because block structured language permits procedures or functions can be declared inside other procedures or functions. C does not allow the creation of function within functions. So, it cannot formally be called block – structured.

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